Why has Childhood Obesity Become a Paramount Problem in...

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, â€Å"Childhood obesity has more than doubled in children and tripled in adolescents in the past 30 years,† (â€Å"Childhood Obesity Facts†). The monumental question that researchers seem to be asking is why the increase now? Childhood obesity has become a paramount problem in the United States in recent years due to various social, biological and technological factors that ultimately requires immediate assistance in order to promote a healthier lifestyle for children as they transition into adulthood. It is a common misconception to interchangeably use the terms ‘obesity’ and ‘overweight’ when in actuality, there is a stark difference between the two. Barbara Bresnahan, doctor from†¦show more content†¦Through the easy accessibility of technology, the media is able to have a detrimental effect on the young people in America. According to Tiffany Rush- Wilson, Skills Develo pment Coordinator of Counseling Programs at Walden University, the media places a greater emphasis on having the perfect body and looking thin in today’s society. This in turn causes obese children to feel negative about themselves which leads them to eat even more (Rush-Wilson 3). Technological advances have also promoted laziness through gaming systems like the Xbox. The glorification of sitting on a sofa firing pixelated guns at pixelated soldiers has been added to the list of hobbies enjoyed by children in the twenty first century. The television has also been linked to childhood obesity. Tom Robinson from the Division of General Pediatrics and Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention uses an experiment to show the positive correlation between the two factors: Finally, one school-based, experimental study was designed specifically to test directly the causal relationship between television viewing behaviors and body fatness. The results of this randomized, controlled trial provide evidence that television viewing is a cause of increased body fatness and that reducing television viewing is a promising strategy for preventing childhood obesity. The growing of the fast food industry since the creation of the first McDonald’s in the fifties hasShow MoreRelatedChildhood Obesity : A Condition That Affects Children3024 Words   |  13 PagesChildhood obesity is a condition that affects children in the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) the rates of obesity in children have more than doubled in children in the past 30 years. 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Case Study - 626 Words

CASE 1.1 Simpson Machine Tool Company: Sales Management Seminar QUESTIONS 1. Based on the brief conversation between Jerry Kline, Grace Gallo, and Paul Swenson, what kind of sales manager do you think each of them is? What do you think is the level of performance of the sales force each person heads? How do you think each of them will benefit from the sales force each person heads? How do you think each of them will benefit from the sales mananagement training seminar? Jerry Kline is a kind of sales manager who aims to sell products and make sales quotas. He believes that developing long-term customer relationships and internal company support distract sales people. Thus, his sales force is not effective to make sales. He needs to work†¦show more content†¦It also possible to choose from the companys sales people. This could be more appropriate because the company has the record of its sales people to use as performance references. Basically, the specific criteria for selecting new sales managers must be effective leaders and motivators of peple, coordinated with other functional areas, and dedicated with his job. JEMALYN: 1. Jerry and grace are the tyrant kind of sales manager because they sticks to the facts about money, continually pushing salespeople with their quotas. while Paul on the other hand is an evolving kind of sales manager who seeks new ways to build sales and experiment with techniques to motivate the sales force. The sales force performance of Jerry,grace and Pauls team is quite not good because they are only focusing on the short term customer and not building a long one each of them can benefit by being more knowledgeable about their job. also they can acquire a better sales if they take good care of their long term customer. 2.i would based it on their performance and the criteria i established.he should be a good listener,a great leader and a good problem solver. i can determine it based on his records in the company and on his performance. Louisse: 1. Jerry Kline and Grace Gallo are too eager in getting customers and reaching their quotas without thinking what would be its effect to the company. They focus more on money instead of having a goodShow MoreRelatedCase Studies : A Case Study Approach Essay1157 Words   |  5 PagesA case study is a specific instance that is frequently designed to illustrate a more general principle (Nisbet and Watt, 1984). 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Price regulation — Marginal cost pricing is one form of price regulation, where the monopolist’s price is set equal to marginal cost at the quantity of output at which demand intersects marginal cost. The problem with marginal-cost pricing is that it usually results in the monopolist suffering a loss—a result that cannot be sustained for long. Profit regulation — A second possibility is to limit the monopolist to zero economic profit, either by taxing all economic profits away or by using average-cost pricing, which requires the monopolist to charge a price equal to average total cost.The problem here is that the monopolist has no incentive to minimize costs, since it will be allowed to pass all costs on to customers and gains no additional benefit by being cost-efficient. Output regulation — The third possibility is for government to mandate a quantity of output it wants the natural monopoly to produce. — The government can assure a particular level of output, and the monopolist can gain additional economic profits by lowering its costs. Briefly discuss the Capture, Public Interest, Public Choice theories of regulation.The Capture Theory of Regulation—This theory states that no matter what the motive for the initial regulation, eventually the agency responsible for the regulation will be â€Å"captured† (controlled) by the industry that is being regulated. As a result, the regulatory measures enacted will be affected by this relationship. Four points that support this theory are presented. The Public Interest Theory of Regulation—This theory holds that regulators are seeking to do, and will do through regulation, what is in the best interest of society at large. -The Public Choice Theory of Regulation—This theory predicts that the outcomes of the regulatory process will tend to favor the regulators instead of either business interests or the public. Elastic Demand (Ed gt; 1)—If the percentage change in quantity demanded is greater than the percentage change in price, demand is said to be elastic, and a change in price will cause a larger opposite change in quantity. Inelastic Demand (Ed lt; 1)—If the percentage change in price is greater than the percentage change in quantity demanded, demand is said to be inelastic, and a change in price will cause a smaller opposite change in quantity.Unit Elastic Demand (Ed = 1)—If the percentage change in quantity demanded equals the percentage change in price, demand is said to be unit elastic, and a change in price will cause a proportional change in quantity. Perfectly Elastic Demand (Ed = ? )—If quantity demanded changes dramatically in response to a change in pric e—indeed, in the purest sense, if quantity demanded drops to zero in light of a price change—demand is said to be perfectly elastic. Perfectly Inelastic Demand (Ed = 0)—If quantity demanded is completely unresponsive to a change in price, demand is said to be perfectly inelastic.Market Structure| Short-Run Tendency of Price and MR| Short-Run Tendency of Price and MC| Long-Run Tendency of Price and ATC| Short Run Supply Curve| Long Run Supply Curve| Resource Allocative Efficient? | Productive Efficient? | Perfect Competition| P = MR| P = MC| P = ATC| MC above AVC| MC above ATC| Yes| Yes| Monopoly| P gt; MR| P gt; MC| P gt; ATC| Undefined| Undefined| No| No| Monopolistic Competition| P gt; MR| P gt; MC| P = ATC| Undefined| Undefined| No| No| Oligopoly| P gt; MR| P gt; MC| P gt; ATC| Undefined| Undefined| No| No| Determinants of Price Elasticity of Demand . Number of Substitutes—The more broadly defined the good, the fewer the substitutes; the more narrowly defined the good, the greater the substitutes. The more substitutes that are available for a good, the higher its price elasticity of demand; the fewer substitutes, the lower the price elasticity of demand. 2. Necessities versus Luxuries—The more a good is considered a luxury, the higher the price elasticity of demand. The more a good is considered a necessity, the lower will be its price elasticity of demand. 3.Percentage of One’s Budget Spent on the Good—The greater the percentage of one’s budget that goes to purchase a good, the higher the price elasticity of demand; the smaller the percentage of one’s budget that goes to purchase a good, the lower the price elasticity of demand. 4. Time—The more time that passes (after a price change), the higher the price elasticity of demand for the good; the shorter the time span, the lower the price elasticity of demand. That is, price elasticity is higher in the long run than in the short run. A. Cross Elasticity of DemandCross elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded of one good to a change in the price of another good. Cross elasticity of demand (EC) is defined as: Percentage Change in Quantity Demanded of One Good Ec =————————————————————————— Percentage Change in Price of Another Good We use cross elasticity to determine whether two goods are substitutes, complements, or unrelated. If EC gt; 0, the two goods (X and Y) are substitutes; if EC lt; 0, the two goods are complements; and, if EC = 0, the two go ods are unrelated. B. Income Elasticity of DemandIncome elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded of a good to a change in income. Income elasticity of demand (EY) is defined as: Percentage Change in Quantity Demanded EY =——————————————————— Percentage Change in Income We use income elasticity to distinguish between normal and inferior goods. If EY gt; 0, X is a normal good; if EY lt; 0, X is an inferior good. We also look at the degree of income elasticity. If EY gt; 1, demand is income elastic; if EY lt; 1, demand is income inelastic; and if EY = 1, demand is income unit elastic.C. Price Elasticity of Supply Price elasticity of supply measures the responsiveness of quantity supplied of a good to a change in the price of that good. Price elasticity of supply (ES) is defined as: Percentage Change in Quantity Supplied ES =—————————————————— Percentage Change in Price If ES gt; 1, supply is elastic; if ES lt; 1, supply is inelastic; and if ES = 1, supply is unit elastic. Any of these three conditions can occur on a â€Å"normal† upward-sloping supply curve. Two â€Å"special† conditions are also possible: if ES = ? supply is perfectly elastic, meaning that the supply curve (or at least the portion we’re observing) is horizontal; and if ES = 0, supply is perfectly inelastic, meaning that the supply curve (or at least the portion of it we’re observing) is vertical. E. Price Elasticity of Supply and Time Over time, as producers are able to adjust their behavior and production patterns, supply becomes more price elastic than it is in the short run. F. The Relationship Between Taxes and Elasticity 1. Who Pays the Tax? —Government can place a tax on whomever it wants, but the laws of supply and demand determine who actually ends up paying the tax. . Elasticity and the Tax—We look at price elasticities of supply and demand to determine who pays a tax. If demand is perfectly inelastic or if supply is perfectly elastic, consumers pay the full tax. If demand is perfectly elastic or if supply is perfectly inelastic, producers pay the full tax. - 3. Degree of Elasticity and Tax Revenue—The government can maximize tax revenues by placing the tax on the seller who faces the more inelastic (less elastic) demand curve. discusses the effect on the yacht-building industry of a 10% tax on yachts priced over $100,000 that was passed by the U.S. Congress in 1990. I. WHY FIRMS EXIST A business firm is an entity that employs resources to produce goods and services to be sold to consumers, other firms, or the government. This section discusses why firms exist. A. The Market and the Firm: Invisible Hand versus Visible Hand The market guides individuals into the activities at which they are most efficient and enables them to express their preferences for goods, instructing producers as to what is wanted and what is not. Managerial coordination guides and coordinates individuals’ actions in a firm. B.The Alchian and Demsetz Answer Armen Alchian and Harold Demsetz suggest that firms are formed when the benefits that can be gained from working as a team are greater than the sum of the benefits that could be gained by acting individually. C. Shirking in a Team - One problem of team production is shirking, which occurs when workers put forth less than the agreed-to effort. Shirking is significant because the individual gains all of the benefits of shirking, while the consequences are spread across the entire team.The monitor (or manager) plays an important role in the firm by reducing the amount of shirking by rewarding productive workers and punishing shirkers. In so doing, the monitor can preserve the benefits of team production while reducing, if not eliminating, the costs of shirking. Making the monitor a residual claimant of the firm reduces the monitor’s incentive to shirk. Some firms may pay above-market wages to discourage shirking and encourage employees to monitor themselves. The argument is that workers will not want to lose a job that pays them an above-market wage, and they will reduce shirking to ensure this.Economists who adhere to this theory believe that firms will only pay above-market wage rates if the monitoring costs fall more than wages go up. This is known as the efficiency wage theory. D. Ronald Coase on Why Firms Exist According to Coase, firms exist in order to reduce transactions costs. They make employment contracts with workers so as to eliminate the need to contract every work task out separately. E. Markets: Outside and Inside the Firm Individuals join a firm because they expect to be made better off. Shirking by other members of the team reduces the benefits to nonshirking workers. Monitors reduce the amount of shirking, thereby increasing the benefits gained from teamwork. Thus, employees submit to the monitor’s commands because they realize that only a well-monitored team will yield the benefits they desire. II. THE FIRM’S OBJECTIVE: MAXIMIZING PROFIT Economists assume that a firm’s objective is to maximize profit. Profit is the difference between total revenue and total cost. Total revenue is equal to the price of a good multiplied by the quantity of the good sold. Economists define total cost as explicit costs plus implicit costs. An explicit cost is a cost incurred when actual payment is made. An implicit cost is a cost that represents the value of resources used in production for which no actual (monetary) payment is made. A. Accounting Profit versus Economic Profit Accounting profit is the difference between total revenue and explicit costs. Economic profit is the difference between total revenue and total cost (explicit and implicit costs). B. Zero Economic Profit is Not as Bad as it Sounds In economics, a firm that makes a zero economic profit is said to be earning a normal profit. A zero economic profit means the owner has generated total revenue sufficient to cover both explicit and implicit costs, and means that he has â€Å"done as well as could have been done. † III. PRODUCTION Production is a transformation of resources or inputs into goods and services. Economists talk about two types of inputs in the production process—fixed and variable. A fixed input is an input whose quantity cannot be changed as output changes, while a variable input is an input whose quantity can be changed as output changes. The short run is a period in time in which some inputs are fixed, while the long run is a period in time in hich no inputs are fixed. A. Production in the Short Run The marginal physical product (MPP) of a variable input is equal to the change in output that results from changing the variable input by one unit, holding all other inputs fixed. With respect to labor, this would mean that the marginal physical product of labor would be defined as MPP of Labor = ? Q / ? L The law of diminishing marginal returns states that as ever-larger amounts of a variable input are combined with fixed inputs, eventually the marginal physical product of the variable input will decline. B. Marginal Physical Product and Marginal CostFixed costs are the costs associated with fixed inputs. Variable costs are the costs associated with variable inputs. Fixed costs do not change as output changes. Because the quantity of a variable input changes with output, so do variable costs. Total cost is the sum of fixed costs and variable costs. Marginal cost is the change in total cost that results from a change in output: Marginal cost (MC) = ? TC / ? Q The MPP and MC move in opposite directions. Since the MPP curve first rises and then (when diminishing returns set in) falls, it follows that the MC curve must first fall and then rise. C. Average ProductivityAverage productivity is the output divided by the inputs, usually labor, or AP = Q / L The average physical productivity of labor is what is meant by labor productivity. IV. COSTS OF PRODUCTION: TOTAL, AVERAGE, MARGINAL A. The AVC and ATC Curves in Relation to the MC Curve The average-marginal rule tells us that when the marginal magnitude is above the average magnitude, the average magnitude rises; and when the marginal magnitude is below the average magnitude, the average magnitude falls. In other words when MC gt; AVC (ATC), the AVC (ATC) curve rises; when MC lt; AVC (ATC), the AVC (ATC) curve falls.Additionally, we can infer from these relationships that the MC curve must intersect the AVC and ATC curves at their respective minimum points. The average-marginal rule does not apply to the AFC curve, since marginal costs do not affect fixed costs. In this case, the AFC curve will decrease continuously as output rises. B. Tying Short-Run Production to Costs In the short run, at least one input is fixed. When we increase production, the MPP of the variable input will eventually fall, increasing marginal costs, which in turn raises AVC and ATC. Thus, the cost of a good is tied to the production of the good.C. One More Cost Concept: Sunk Cost A sunk cost is a cost incurred in the past that cannot be changed by current decisions and cannot be recovered. In contrast to fixed costs, sunk costs are completely â€Å"lost. † With fixed costs (land, equipment, etc. ), there is at least the possibility of resale in order to recover some of the cost; with sunk cost, there is not even that chance. Since they cannot be recovered, sunk costs should not be considered when making decisions. V. PRODUCTION AND COSTS IN THE LONG RUN In the long run there are no fixed inputs and no fixed costs.Consequently, the firm has greater flexibility in the long run than in the short run. A. Long-Run Average Total Cost Curve The short-run ATC curve presented earlier assumed a fixed plant size. Each possible plant size has a short-run ATC curve associated with it. The long-run average total cost (LRATC) curve for a given firm combines the short-run ATC curves that represent all possible plant sizes, such that the LRATC curve shows the lowest average cost at which the firm can produce any given level of output. Put another way, the LRATC curve touches each short-run ATC curve at its lowest point. B.Economies of Scale, Diseconomies of Scale, and Constant Returns to Scale Economies of scale exist if unit costs fall as output increases. Constant returns to scale exist if unit costs remain constant as output increases. Diseconomies of scale exist if unit costs rise as output increases. If economies of scale are present, the LRATC curve is falling; if constant returns to scale exist, the LRATC curve is flat, and if diseconomies of scale are present, the LRATC curve is rising. The minimum efficient scale is the lowest output level at which average total costs are minimized. C. Why Economies of Scale?Economies of scale exist for two main reasons: growing firms offer greater opportunities for employees to specialize, and growing firms can take advantage of highly efficient mass production techniques. D. Why Diseconomies of Scale? Diseconomies of scale occur because a firm’s size produces coordination, communication, and monitoring problems. Knowing that these problems exist, firms will reorganize, divide operations, hire new managers, and take other measures to reverse the diseconomies of scale. E. Minimum Efficient Scale and Number of Firms in an Industry The minimum efficient scale varies from one industry to another.We can estimate the number of efficient firms it takes to satisfy U. S. consumption for a particular product by dividing the MES as a percentage of U. S. consumption into 100. VI. SHIFTS IN COST CURVES Several factors shift cost curves A. Taxes- Taxes on the production of a good will increase the perunit costs of production, shifting the MC, AVC, and ATC curves upward. B. Input Prices A change in input prices brings about a corresponding change in the firm’s MC, AVC, and ATC curves, shifting them upward if input prices rise and downward if input prices fall. C.Technology Technological changes often bring either (1) the capability of using fewer inputs to produce a good or (2) lower input prices. In either case, technological advances lower variable costs and, consequently, shift the MC, AVC, and ATC curves downward. I. MARKET FAILURE When a market produces more or less than the ideal or optimal amount of a particular good, economists say there is market failure. II. EXTERNALITIES Sometimes, when goods are produced and consumed, side effects, or externalities, occur that are felt by people who are not directly involved in the market exchanges.These externalities may be negative or positive. A. Costs and Benefits of Activities A negative externality exists when a person’s or group’s actions cause a cost (or adverse side effect) to be felt by others. A positive externality exists when a person’s or group’s actions cause a benefit (or beneficial side effect) to be felt by others. B. Marginal Costs and Benefits of Activities Marginal social costs (MSC) are the sum of marginal private costs (MPC) and marginal external costs (MEC). Marginal social benefits (MSB) are the sum of marginal private benefits (MPB) and marginal external benefits (MEB).C. Social Optimality or Efficiency, Conditions The socially optimal amount (output), or the efficient amount (output) is the amount at which MSB = MSC. D. Three Categories of Activities Activities may be categorized according to whether negative or positive externalities exist, as follows: 1. If MEC and MEB both =0, there are no externalities. 2. If MEC gt; 0 and MEB = 0, then MSC gt; MPC and MSB = MPB, and a negative externality exists. 3. MEB gt; 0 and MEC = 0, then MSB gt; MPB and MSC = MPC, and a positive externality exists. E. Externalities in Consumption and in ProductionExternalities can arise both from consumption and from production. F. Diagram of a Negative Externality Exhibit 1 in the text shows, as a shaded triangle, the net social cost of moving from the socially optimal output to the market output when the socially optimal output is smaller than the market output. G. Diagram of a Positive Externality Exhibit 2 in the text shows, as a shaded triangle, the net social cost of moving from the socially optimal output to the market output when the socially optimal output is larger than the market output. III. INTERNALIZING EXTERNALITIESAn externality is internalized if the parties that generated the externalities incorporate the external costs and/or benefits of their actions into their own private costbenefit calculations. This can be achieved by several means. A. Persuasion Many negative externalities occur simply because the parties that create them do not consider the effects of their actions on others. By informing the parties responsible for an externality of the consequences of their actions and persuading them to alter their behavior, we may get them to adjust their behavior to take these costs into account.B. Taxes and Subsidies Taxes and subsidies are sometimes used as corrective devices for a market failure. Specifically, a tax is used to adjust for a negative externality, and a subsidy to promote an activity with positive externalities. If a negative externality exists, the objective of a corrective tax would be to shift the supply curve such that the equilibrium level of output falls from the market output to the socially optimal output. If the government misjudges external costs, it may reduce output more than is socially optimal. C.Assigning Property Rights Some economists argue that many negative externalities occur because no one â€Å"owns† the air, oceans, etc. As a result, there is no one to take action against polluters for infringing on property rights. If we could only assign property rights—that is, determine legal ownership of these natural resources—we could reduce negative externalities. The absence of land ownership on grazing lands in the western United States in the 19th century led to overgrazing that reduced the quality of the land. D. Voluntary AgreementsExternalities can sometimes be internalized through voluntary agreements between the creator(s) of the externality and the third party (-ies) affected by it. In order for such an agreement to be reached, however, the transactions costs associated with making the agreement must be lower than the expected benefits of the agreement E. Combining Property Rights Assignments and Voluntary Agreements The combination of property rights assignments and voluntary agreements can be combined. For instance, if a property right is assigned to one party, that property right may be undone with a voluntary agreement between that party and another one.This idea led to the Coase theorem, which holds that in the case of trivial or zero transaction costs, the property rights assignment does not matter to the resource allocative outcome. 1. Coase Theorem—The Coase theorem can be expressed in other ways, for example: (1) in the case of trivial or zero transaction costs, a property rights assignment will be undone if it benefits the relevant parties to undo it; (2) in the case of trivial or zero transaction costs, the resource allocative outcome will be the same no matter who is assigned the property right.The Coase theorem is significant for two reasons: (1) it shows that under certain conditions the market can internalize externalities, and (2) it provides a benchmark for analyzing externality problems. 2. Pigou versus Coase—The text recounts the night when Coase successfully defended his idea that assigning property rights is a more efficient way of dealing with externalities than introducing taxes or subsidies. F.Beyond Internalizing: Setting Regulations A final way to deal with externalities, particularly negative externalities, is for government to apply regulations directly to the activity that gener ates the externality. For instance, if steel mills emit air pollutants through their smokestacks, the government may regulate smokestack emissions. Critics of the regulatory approach often complain that regulations, once instituted, are difficult to remove even if conditions warrant removal. Also, regulations are often applied across the board when circumstances dictate otherwise. Finally, regulation entails costs.

Management Issues How to Motivate Employees

From various studies, motivation is always a key to excellent performance in any organization. However, difficulties arise when it comes to how to encourage the labor force of the firm. For instance, some people use money as the main factor for motivating their employees (Robbins and Agnatius 45).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Management Issues: How to Motivate Employees? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is obvious that everything in the current world is controlled by money. In case the reward is right, good human associations will offer an extra zest to a company, thereby inspiring the employees to work even harder. This implies that inadequate financial remuneration cannot be compensated by high-quality human relations. The person who has motivated me and continues to inspire me is my employer. I am always assured of my job security, support at any time, and guidance in areas where I have no idea on what t o do. For instance, he realizes that in order to create a good working environment that will lead to high and excellent performance, motivation must be given the first priority. It is important, while motivating employees, to show some care because some working environments are full of challenges, and thus without support, any worker may just give up. Therefore, the manager always effectively communicates the relevant information that I need in order successfully to carry out any given task. This is because in most cases, workers always desire to be associated with or feel belonging to groups as well as individuals who are aware of what is going on at workplace. They need the necessary information to complete their tasks as well as make decisions concerning their work. That is what my employer does, and this keeps motivating me to work well enjoying my tasks. Thus, it leads to the excellent performance of the company. This is always achieved through creating meetings in regard to wo rkers’ management to update the employees regarding the organization information that may affect the work carried out. Furthermore, the manager ensures me that he stops by the workers that are affected by a transformation to provide more support. In addition, before any change takes place, there is always enough and clear information provided to the staff for clarity purposes. This motivates workers including me because it makes us feel appreciated and important in the organization.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, the organizational manager implements his motivational strategy through the provision of financial rewards depending on my performance. Although productivity is linked to workshop floor erroneously, as indicated in many firms, the sale of the total output of the company is the determinant of the profits of the organization. This, therefore, imp lies that in case employees are not offered the right resources at the right place and time, their productivity will suffer not because of their mistakes. Thus, managers take a significant part in the productivity of employees and team. Managers exist to ensure the productivity of the company; in case personally, the manager fail to perform his/her task, he/she may be viewed as nonproductive. The reason for this is that the employee in question is not directly linked to productivity of the firm but has other duties that involve integrating teams in the process of production. Therefore, a manager can increase productivity indirectly by aiding to produce more. In such a case, financial motivation plays a significant role. Due to my manager successfully performing his duties, I get motivated because I know the more I work, and the higher the productivity, the more I get compensated financially, emotionally, and socially. Works Cited Robbins, Stephen and Timothy Agnatius. Essentials of organizational behavior. New York: Routledge, 2010. Print. This essay on Management Issues: How to Motivate Employees? was written and submitted by user Carolina Glover to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Film Adaptation Les Miserables by Victor Hugo Essay Essay Example

Film Adaptation Les Miserables by Victor Hugo Essay Essay Example Film Adaptation Les Miserables by Victor Hugo Essay Essay Film Adaptation Les Miserables by Victor Hugo Essay Essay Non-Consequentialist theories of morality are best expressed by the character Inspector Javert. His actions are lead by the theory that it is better to take a life where regulations are followed. It is your responsibility to obey the Torahs and it is your responsibility to ever move in this mode. Consequences are non to be considered when judging a individuals actions ( Thiroux. Krasemann. 2012. p. 46 ) . Inspector Javert’s place in society supports his actions. This adult male must follow the Torahs set by his authorities. and take his community by illustration. His responsibility was to transport out the jurisprudence which are illustrations of regulation absolutes which offer no room for exclusions ( Thiroux. Krasemann. 2012. p. 87 ) . The Inspector becomes obsessed with the gaining control of Jean ValJean. a felon who must be caught and brought to justness. The movie begins with the narrative of a adult male. Jean ValJean. who is foremost introduced to the spectator in a p rison scene. where subsequently you find out he was imprisoned for larceny. : After functioning nine-teen old ages of penalty in prison for his offense he is so rewarded release on word. Following his release he encounters another state of affairs where he acts in contrast to those beliefs of a regulation useful like Javert. These contrasting characters are illustrations within their guiding rules. Non-Consequentialist Theories are based on the thought that effects are non and in fact should non be a factor in finding whether the act is moral or immoral ( Thiroux. Krasemann. 2012. p. 46 ) . Where as consequentialism is based or concerned with effects. Jean ValJean’s guiding rules are more of an act useful who believes that everyone should execute that act which will convey out the greatest good over bad for everyone affected by the act ( Thiroux. Krasemann. 2012. p. 37 ) . Utilitarianism is a signifier of Consequentialism. Javert is a regulation useful where his thoughts are that everyone should ever follow the regulation or regulations that will convey greater good. These thoughts are contrasting because it is diffident what actions would convey greater good with or without doing exclusions to the regulations at manus. Javert being an functionary of the jurisprudence encourages the importance of jurisprudence within the movie to avoid fring control within his community. On one manus ValJean broke the jurisprudence merely to avoid the decease of famishment. These state of affairss are the footing of the conflicting attacks to morality by each chief character in the movie. ValJean encounters the Character of Bishop Myriel who offers him a occupation and teats him kindly despite his condemnable background. The Bishop is a positive influence on ValJean. While working for the Bishop. he makes a promise to go a better adult male and deliver himself merely after being caught one time once more for stealing silverware from the bishop. The Bishop lies to officers merely to salvage ValJean from returning to prison. With the Ag that was stolen and now a gift was he merely able to carry through his promise for a better life. ValJeans committedness led him to subsequently became the proprietor of a mill and the Mayor of his metropolis. There we are foremost introduced to the character of Fantine. We discover that she has a kid. Cossette. who is in attention with another household The Thenardiers. Fantine works difficult to supply for Cossette at the mill where she is subsequently fired from. which led to her despairing demand to do money. Desperate times cause for despairing steps. . like Fantine prostituting to as a mean to do money. Fantine’s improper actions lead her to meet the Inspector Javert. Here is where the feuding theories of morality between Javert and ValJean are one time brought to inquiry one time once more. Should Fantines actions be justified by the thought that harlotry is incorrect and improper. or is it O.K. because she must supply for Cossette and her demands? In the terminal the Mayors place allows Fantine to avoid prison clip therefore conveying about illustriousness for her household. His useful attack to the state of affairs causes more struggle with the Inspector who believes she should be inprisoned for interrupting the jurisprudence. More grounds with the personal moral theories conflicting are apparent when Jean ValJean promises Fantine that he will take attention of her girl Cossette. He foremost must get away from Mr. Jovert who is now cognizant that he is a inmate. Javert expressed the thought that a jurisprudence ledgeman can non reform hence ValJean should non be Mayor. Javert commented on his parents besides being felons when he was a kid. Once open ValJean escapes one time once more with Cossette to Paris. where they live in a convent. He feels it is his responsibility to transport out his promise of a better life. Reparation ( leading facie ) is a responsibility mentioned when looking at non-consequential theories ( Thiroux. Krasemann. 2012. p. 54 ) . Cossette and ValJean are able to accomplish a fulfilled life with security in the metropolis of Paris while at the convent. Cossette finally asks to non go a nun and persuades ValJean to populate outside the convent. Willing to delight Cossette. ValJean agr ees to the move. Cossette attracts an supporter while researching her new milieus in the character Marius. Marius is a immature revolutionist who asks to â€Å"Restore the Republic† . He becomes haunted and determined to interact with Cossette. really much like he is committed to his revolution. Inspector Javert besides resides in Paris where he is the newest Deputy as the wages from exposing the truth about Jean ValJean. The â€Å"cat and mouse game† between Jean ValJean and the Inspector Javert is continued in Paris when he is informed with information about the revolutionaries new love interested Cossette. Marius was followed by one of ValJeans informant following the revolutionaries. Javert is one time once more on the hot chase to convey ValJean to an terminal. He is determined to convey justness because it is the right thing for him to make. ValJean unaware of Cossettes relationship with her immature suer opens an chance for the Inspector to acquire near and eventually discontinue the former inmate. ValJean now a â€Å"reformed man† refuses to give up without a battle. In the effort to fly one time once more ValJean is encountered with the quandary of Marius and Cossette’s relationship. Her relationship is troubled by the increasing opposition from the revolutionaries against the Parisian ground forces. With the metropolis barricaded ValJean must return Marius safely to Cossette. In chase for Marius the ground forces injures Cossette’s love and now ValJean must fly the pandemonium of the metropolis with the injured Marius. Not earlier one time once more meeting the persistant Javert. This is a bend of events that gives ValJean to turn on his marauder and kill him. This doesn’t go on because ValJean is said to hold been merciful towards the Inspector. In the terminal of this narrative the Inspector is surprised by the clemency ValJean showed towards him. The Inspector allowed the inmate to help the Marius to some medical attending and return to his captor. ValJean besides agreed to be turned into the Parisian functionaries after salvaging Marius. With Marius alive he would no longer hold to worry about his Cossettte. Therefore carry throughing his commi ttedness to Fantine. Upon returning Mr. Javert expressed how his guiding rules to execute his responsibility the right manner brought him confusion when ValJean showed him mercy in the state of affairs of life and decease. Death was the lone solution the Inspector had in shop to this for this stoping. Everything ValJean did was justified when the Inspector decided to kill himself. The Inspector neer interrupting the jurisprudence himself saw that there were defects to his steering rules and could non populate with himself no more. Unwilling to confront the effects he saw tantrum to stop his life therefore allowing ValJean his freedom. He felt his compulsion for the gaining control of the ValJean would see no terminal and hangout him everlastingly. At this point he acknowledges the fact that ValJean is a Reformed adult male and non an â€Å"animal† idea to hold been created while in the prison system. Before ValJean was a â€Å"difficult problem† to the Inspector himself and he needed bring justness to those Acts of the Apostless of the former Mayor. Everyday we are faced with the same if non different state of affairss where we are asked to make the â€Å"right thing† . This is really hard even to those who appeal to be morally or ethically right. Rules can be to general and merely act as a usher to make the greatest of good while avoiding effects. It is besides hard in the sense that there acts or regulations offer no exclusions. The narrative of Les Miserables proves otherwise. ValJean overcame many troubles and while his actions may hold been improper they did impact those around him positively. His actions in the terminal brought him security and loving relationship with his â€Å"daughter† . Cossette. all while finally maintaining his promis to the Bishop Myriel and the late Fantine. His actions throughout the movie prove that he is so a good adult male despite his condemnable background. ValJean accomplishes reformation which seemed impossible to the features of the Inspector. Ciminals should be brought to jusitice. Torahs are meant to be followed. under no fortunes can the jurisprudence be flawed. and no exclusions are to be made. These steering rules for the Inspector shaped his actions throughout this narrative. ValJeans actions show that his is a honest. lovingness. and loving adult male who is rewarded with freedom. He no longer has the fright of being caught by the Inspector and besides rewarded with love from his â€Å"daughter† . Cossette. In the movie ValJean states that â€Å"Love is the lone hereafter God gives us† . The steering theories to 1s ethical and moral quandary can be conflicting with those of others. Here we have actions based on the thought of recognizing the effects for your actions foremost or non believing about any effects and moving on what you feel to be right. Rules should ever be followed with no exclusions. The belief that one should non be judged or defined by any action in peculiarly. Rules are of import to a society conveying consciousness to effects by 1s actions. It is of import to non give up on ourselves because we are all capable of reformation if we want it.

One flew over the cukoos nest Essays

One flew over the cukoos nest Essays One flew over the cukoos nest Paper One flew over the cukoos nest Paper McCarthy represents freedom in a society controlled by fear and repression. Discuss Ken Keys allegorical novel One flew over the kickoffs nest depicts society as a repressive combine, molding citizens to assimilate them into society. The institution can be seen as a microcosm of the outside world; the Nurse depicted as a fascist leader and the patients as the members who are controlled by her tyrannical rule. The effects of her manipulative therapy sessions and fearsome tactics cause the patients to live sexually repressed and emasculated. McCarthy who is loud, jubilant and expressive is a great contrast to the other patients who are in a constant anxiety. Whilst McCarthy represents Freedom, he also represents society attitudes to freewill and Independence. Keyes conveys his views on the repressive nature of society through the ward and characters. Throughout the novel, the narrator, Chief Broaden, references society as the Combine, juxtaposing both the ward the outside world as a big machine- mass producing the ideal American citizen that will fit society mould. The ward, a microcosm of society, is a place for the faulty parts and misfits of the combine to be treated, Its for fixing up mistakes made In the neighborhoods. Keyes questions the sanity of the patients and the collects label of Insanity. The majority of the patients are self-admitted and do not seem to be extremely Insane, It Is rather that they have not found a place In society and that their community has been unable to accept their minor differences, conveying the rigidity and lack of acceptance and freedom amongst people. The says and asss were mimes of change. With the civil rights movement and other social movements people were broadening the idea of who could be accepted into mainstream society. Alongside this the red scare of the Cold war caused people to look upon each other with suspicion, behavior out of the norm was almost intimidating. Chief describes the combine as a huge organization that aims to adjust the Outside as well as she has the Inside The Issue Is not the patients mental health but the conformity in society and the ostracism towards those that did not conform. Hence the patients eve been admitted Into the ward In the hope that they may be adjusted so they can return to the Big world outside that you will be one day taking your place In again. Keyes views the patients treatment as corruptive and as a disease that will overpower freedom and individuality. The strong imagery of Maxwell Table, one of the Nurses success depicts him as a machine, installed lend nimble skills to his fingers, that slowly adjusts them[society] as he was adjusted. Society is conveyed as controlling and manipulative towards its citizens. Keyes explores sanity arbitrary nature and its effects. Those that do not conform to mainstream society are labeled and treated in order to suit the Combines agenda. Nurse Ratchet represents the Combines tyrannical authority over the world. Her domineering and manipulative behavior cause the patients to be sexually repressed and inhibited. Nurse Ratchets Is Introduced as smooth calculated and precision made, as a product of the combine who has been programmed to convert the patients Into the Ideal citizen. From the first Impression of the nurse she has been portrayed In a negative light. Constantly described as the Big Nurse this alludes to Chiefs strong. The strong imagery associated with the metaphor of the Nurse as a tractor paints a violent picture, Shes swelling up, swells till her backs splitting She blows up bigger and bigger, big as a tractor, so big I can smell the machinery inside. It is evident that Nurse Ratchet is not the orthodox women of her time. Unlike most women of her time she works and holds a position high in responsibility and power. Whilst the women worked during the second world war to sustain the economy while he men were away, their return meant that there were no longer any Jobs for women and that they had to return to their household duties. Regardless of this Nurse Ratchet works and even with the presence of other male leaders such as Doctor Spices, the Nurse holds the utmost authority although she uses it to oppress . The Chief recounts the number of ideal staff that have been on the ward and how the Nurse is able to emasculate them all, since I started on the ward with that woman I feel like my veins are running ammonia. Y kids wont sit on my lap, my wife wont leap with me. When McCarthy realizes her power over the mens ego and masculinity he describes her as a ball cutter, her domineering qualities cause her to castrate the men and repress them sexually. The key force of repression and within the ward is Nurse Ratchets tyrannical hold over the ward. Unlike the other patients in the ward McCarthy is ope nly sexual and does not conform to the wards rules, however his actions soon lead him to strife. McCarthy is confident, loud and open. He is blatantly different to the other patients. From his arrival into the ward he behaves differently to the other patients. He laughs loudly, unlike the other patients who snicker behind their fists out of fear. The entire ward seems to be taken aback by this, all is stunned dumb by his laughing. Through this initial gesture it is clear that McCarthy will be resistant toward the wards authority. As McCarthy realizes the Nurses position in the ward there is a power struggle between the two. The nurse aims to adjust McCarthy whereas he is determined to resist the rule and changes. Naively McCarthy bets to annoy the Nurse, without releasing the power she has over him. McCarthy first sign of protest is when he cant watch the world series on the television, regardless the turns on the TV and watches the blank screen. Through a series of acts out of rebellion McCarthy continues to enrage the nurse. When McCarthy has electroshock therapy he continues to resist the authorities and will not admit that he is at fault. As a consequence his electroshock therapy continues. After the party at the ward, the Nurse finally overcomes McCarthy. His continual rebellion and revolt against the Nurse leads to his Lobotomy. Whilst McCarthy represents freedom, his resistance to conform to the ward leads to severe consequences. Keyes explores the repressive and exploitive nature of society through the microcosm of the ward. Nurse Ratchets fascist hold on the ward suppresses the men on the ward. Her therapeutic techniques emasculate and castrate the men. Whilst McCarthy represents freedom in this oppressed environment his excessive resistance to conformity leads to his plight.

The American National Security Issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The American National Security Issue - Essay Example The previous weeks, the refinement of ‘no military solution to Islamist problem’ mantra, came from the admiral, who is also the public spokesman of the Pentagon. In his press conference with the journalist, something akin to America is fighting an ideology that military power had no ability to defeat came out (Byman, 2014). No questions concerning the ideology materialized on the spoken date with the journalists. From the above events, it is easier to conclude that neither the journalist nor the admiral has ever came across the notion called National Socialism. The National Socialism, utterly overcome by the military ability of the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union. In addition to the above, the American Civil War by Grant Sheridan and Sherman used unrelenting military force to guarantee individual rights and freedom. In my view, the Islamic State is one of the many United States military ally. The view of the politicians that the military is not worth a tinker in fighting the mujahideen rebels is a cover up of the truth. One of the underlying factors to these sentiments, is on the fact that the larger organization of the IS holds large arrays of material assets that are more likely to get permanently destroyed if aerial attacks occur (Byman, 2014).

Recycled Aggregates lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Recycled Aggregates - Lab Report Example This may happen at normal temperatures. The artificial and natural pozzolan material is used as supplementary materials of cementations. In any cases, the artificial pozzolan could be made in a deliberate manner through the thermal activation of the clays kaolin to give the metalaolin. In other cases, the material can be obtained as a byproduct from the processes of high temperature like the fly ashes given out by the production of the coal fire electricity. The industrial by-products like the metakaolin, burned residues of organic matter like rice husk, fly ash, and fume silica obtained from smelting of silicon are commonly used pozzolans. The use of these pozzalans is reported to be well established in different countries (Smith 15). Supplying high quality by products of pozzolan has limitation since many local sources have been fully exploited. Different alternatives to the pozzolanic by product should be realized to expand the range of the byproducts of the industry and to increa se the usage of the pozzolans. In some locations, the natural pozzolan may be found in abundance. This material is used as a Portland cement addition in countries like Germany. A significant portion of the natural pozzolan used in many countries has a volcanic origin. The pumices, volcanic ashes, are mostly used since they are deposits having altered volcanic glass. The volcanic glass is changed to zeolites through interacting with alkaline liquid like water. The sedimentary deposits are not common. On the other hand, the recycled aggregates are reused construction or industrial by-products, which were once considered as wastes or rather damped. The aggregates are obtained from the material processing that was previously used in the construction. The material is produced through screening, and crushing the previously used concrete structures and concrete. In other cases, the asphalt may be crushed to obtain the aggregate. In many cases, the reclaimed aggregates may be

The Hitchhiker Essay Example for Free

The Hitchhiker Essay I was driving home one wintry evening, at the end of an ordinary day at work, looking forward to the dinner my wife was preparing. Most of the time, I was deep in thought recalling the days matters. My home was in the suburbs and since I worked in the town centre, I had to drive through its streets to get back. It was getting dark and had just begun to rain. I stopped at a crossroad when the traffic lights turned red. People were walking hurriedly off pavements, into nearby shops and cafeterias for shelter, and very soon the streets were deserted. The traffic lights turned green and I resumed driving. The bright town lights began to fade in the background as I drove through the outskirts, and as usual, took a right turn that brought me onto the main road, that was a six-mile drive to my destination. By now, it was raining heavily and the windscreen wipers could barely keep up with the water, compelling me to drive at a slower speed. A few minutes later, I encountered a figure on the left side, crouching and holding a thumb out, as I drove past. I was unable to distinguish the sex of the person who was wearing a black, raincoat with a hood covering the face. I glanced in my rear mirror to see if there were any lights coming from other vehicles, but there none were behind me. Guilt pricked my conscience as I thought of the person who seemed to be in pain. Then fear followed, remembering the dangers of giving lifts to strangers. Ultimately, guilt won me over and I turned round to drive back through the same road, hoping the person would not be there. Despite my hopes, the figure was exactly in the same place, still in crouching position, but this time, the arm with the held up thumb was swinging ferociously. I stopped the car and hooted for the person to get in. I could feel a sudden adrenalin rush and my heart beating away, rapidly. When the person opened the car door and sat down, I looked at the face and got the surprise of my life, as it was an elderly woman of about seventy. She too, seemed shocked, and then told me in a haughtily manner, that I was supposed to be a woman. My first conception was that of a demented woman. When I asked her why, she replied that those were the instructions she got. I had just silently finished telling myself again that she was insane, when a car with blinding lights screeched to a halt behind us. Two car doors slammed shut, non-simultaneously, and the sound of running feet headed towards the passengers side. A mans drenched face peered through the window and shouted, Mrs. Brown, can you please roll down the window? She did so, and he told her that she had got into the wrong car. He then looked at me and apologized for the incident. Subsequently, the other person, also a man, explained to me that I had driven straight into a film scene! Being so absorbed in my thoughts, I missed the signs at the beginning of the main road that cautioned drivers about the filming event. The heavy rain had not helped either. My somewhat boring day had ended with a thrilling event.

Gunsmoke and the Old-West Hero :: Television Media TV Essays

Gunsmoke and the Old-West Hero The program Gunsmoke, provides a vivid representation and description of the stereotypical old-west hero. It is a wholesome program that captures the listeners attention and addresses issues that were often dealt with in the 50's and hits many listeners close to home. Intelligence, concern for others and reliability are just a few of the many characteristics portrayed through Matt Dillon in this program that many other old-west heroes had in common with him. Each episode deals with a different problem and in each one of those episodes it seems as though Dillon is very well educated in whatever the problem may be. Whether he has to perform acts that a doctor would have to deal with, whether he acts as a counselor to someone, or even appearing as a detective. He appears as an overly well-rounded individual. In each episode it seems though he is always one step ahead of the enemy or perpetrator. There are many cases in which his insightfulness and intelligence permeate in to the minds of the listeners. Dillon, (as many other old-west heroes), has a deep care and concern for all people. It is his job to take care of them and to keep them safe. He is always doing what is right. In each episode he has a deep concern for what the impact the decisions of some may have on others. He also has a concern for what the outcome of their decisions will have on themselves. He does all he can to help them realize that making the right decision and being honest will provide the best route of happiness and survival. In each episode Dillon also provides a vision of reliability to the listener. It doesn't seem to matter who he encounters, that person will still feel secure in confiding in him and leaving him with responsibilities that they wouldn't otherwise trust others with. Each person admires him and looks up to him. They realize that he is responsible and reliable and that when he says he's going to accomplish something. It doesn't matter what the task, he is good to his word, and it is apparent to all those he meets. Because of Matt Dillon's intelligence, concern for others, and reliability, he has portrayed a character beyond what any man would dream he could be. He is the epitome of a true old-west

Eric Clapton

ERIC CLAPTON Have you ever heard of Eric Clapton's song â€Å"Layla†? Well it's a really good song. When you think of an artist such as Eric you would think how did he came up with that sound in his music and there is an answer. His music is influenced by the old catchy blues genre. Eric Clapton is an English guitarist and song writer who was mainly influenced by blues, who is referred to as one of the most influential guitarist of all time. ITS ALL ABOUT THE BLUES ROCK When we think about blues a thing that comes to our mind is African Americans playing that catchy sound that characterizes blues.But as time advanced several genres of music deviated from blues and one of them is the famous blues rock. Blues rock is a music genre that has the sound of the twelve bar blues combined with a rock and roll style. This sub genre began to develop in the mid 1960s with bands from the UK and the US experimenting with the music from older American bluesmen. As time progressed by the earl y 70s you couldn't really tell the difference between blues rock and hard rock. (academic. scranton. edu) HOW DID IT ALL START? Eric Clapton was born in Ripley, Surrey , England. He was raised in a musical household.At the age of thirteenth he asked for a guitar and got it , but Eric thought it wasn't a really good one so he lost interest. Two years later was when really started to play and practice. As a young teenager he grew up listening to blues music in the radio. He became passionate for the music with time and in 1963 was when he joined his first band; one that was influenced the blues and rock and roll sound. He remained in this band until 1965. Eric got into more bands as time passed. It was until the early 70s that he started his solo career. (ericclapton. com) WHERE DID HIS SOUND CAME FROM?Eric Clapton grew up listening to blues music. In his early years he listened to Big ball brazy and Muddy Waters. Other guitar influences are: Freddie King, BB King, Albert King, Buddy Guy, and Hubert Sumlin. (http://altmine. mie. uc. edu/bob/) But his most important influence is Robert Johnson a blues men. Johnson was that important to him that Eric Clapton has a CD called â€Å"Me and Mr Johnson. † â€Å"I kind of got hooked on it because it was so much more powerful than anything else I had heard or was listening to. Amongst all of his peers I felt he was the one that was talking from his soul without really compromising for anybody. â€Å"In one way or another, he's been in my life since I was a kid,† Clapton says. He says the project â€Å"has been in the back of my head to do for so long. It was about time that I took my hat off to him. † (Edward) The thing that gets my attention is that all of his influences were related to the blues genre and that says a lot about what sound he was trying to achieve with his music. ACHIEVEMENTS Eric Clapton is referred to as one of the most important guitarist of all time. He has been inducted three t imes to Rock and Roll Hall of fame; 2 times as part of a group and 1 in his solo career.His career not only has been successful but he has inspired many musicians that grew up listening to him. (rockhall. com) The world of music has recognized Eric Clapton as one of the most influential guitarist of all time and that he was mainly influenced by blues music. Such a good guitarist that he has influenced many other musicians. CONCLUSION Eric Clapton is recognized as one of the most influential guitarist of all time. He grew up listening to blues music and that was what made his music be what it is now. His music is so good that people are still listening to his songs. WORKS CITED . â€Å"Eric Clapton Biography. ERIC CLAPTON. Where's Eric! , n. d. Web. 21 Mar 2013. McAllen Memorial High School. . â€Å"Eric Clapton Takes on Robert Johnson's Blues Guitarist Records the ‘Powerful' Music that Influenced Him . † npr music. npr music, McAllen Memorial High School. 30 Mar 2004. Web. 21 Mar 2013. . â€Å"Influences of Eric Clapton. † ROBERT W. ROST, Ph. D.. N. p. , McAllen Memorial High School. 17 Feb 2006. Web. 21 Mar 2013. . â€Å"Eric Clapton: Inducted in 2000. † Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. N. p. , n. d. McAllen Memorial High School . Web. 27 Mar 2013. . â€Å"History of Blues. † Blues Music Rocks. N. p. , n. d. McAllen Memorial High School . Web. 27 Mar 2013.

Perceptions of Organized Crime Groups Essay

The United States is run by a democratic government that has laws in place to ensure order and organization. However, there are certain people and groups that wish to compromise and profit personally from breaking these laws. According to Understanding Organized Crime (2007), organized crime can be defined by the members and the activities of a group. There are many crimes in which organized crime might be involved, but what separates individual crime from crimes committed by groups of people is the term organized or organization. Organization has been described as a group of people who cooperate to accomplish objectives or goals. Organized crime has been around for centuries; from Outlaw gangs in the western days that robbed stage coaches, the pony express, and passengers of trains to today’s Blood and Crip gangs that dominate public streets for power over territories and drug sales. Gangs have been around for a long time imposing on the lives and liberties of law abiding cit izens that wish to obey laws. Law abiding citizens have to live in imminent fear that their lives are not disrupted by the actions of these criminal organizations that wish to indulge in crime. In this paper, we will explore the various definitions, perception, characteristics of organized crime, and explore some high profile groups that indulge in different types of crimes. Perception of Organized Crime A University of Phoenix student named ————– was asked how she defined organized crime. ———–’s perception of organized crime has some of the dynamics right such as profit, power, and hatred, but the reading further states that organized crime has no real black and white meaning, besides a group of people uniting for a common goal. Her answer was simple; she stated that organized crime is when a group of people break laws and/or violate others in order to gain power, profit, or promote hatred. Organized crime groups incarcerated within the prison system such as Nuestra Familia and Mexican Mafia, break laws to gain power that lead to some form of profit; depending on what they need such as drugs, cigarettes, or privileges from others. Drug Cartels as the Shower Posse and Spangler Posse of Jamaica, involved themselves in organize crime to profit from illegal drug activity, and groups like the Ku Klux Klan and Aryan Bro therhood are driven by hatred. Author’s Perception Compare to the Definitions in the Readings The author’s perception of the definition in the reading is similar in the meaning of criminal organization, but the book states that crime can be defined by the members and the activities of a group. This means that crime is what each club sees it to be. This is an interesting point, but very true. Many people (e.g. club members) in society commit crimes for different reasons. Some feel it is necessary to break laws due to their limited necessities in life. It does, in no means make it right, but it is the perception of many. The prisons are filled with individuals/criminals that feel they were doing what they needed to do to defend themselves, take care of themselves, or just was presented with opportunity. Some of them sit in prison for years and still feel that their actions of breaking the law were justified. This is the mentality of most organized crime gangs. All they care about is what they want at the time, and not what the implications of breaking the law ca n lead to, until it hits home. ———has personal knowledge of different biker groups and 2 Outlaw Motorcycle Gang’s (OMG’s) and was raised in and around the biker atmosphere, but none of those groups that are mentioned in the book. She has heard the mentality of the OMG’s as opposed to regular Biker Clubs. The 1% clubs run their clubs totally different with no regard for breaking the law, indulging in violence, or starting trouble. 1% Outlaw Biker Gangs One of the clubs that she knows of is called the Chosen Few. The Chosen Few is a 1% motorcycle gang that ———-has first-hand knowledge of. She has known some of their members for a long time and has witnessed how their club is run, aside from other biker clubs that do charitable work in and around their communities, such as toy runs, mentorships, feeding, and clothing the homeless and disable children. In a recent article, from 2010, the Chosen Few M.C. was involved in 3 murders. After this incident, law enforcement officials began to keep a close eye on them and found even more illegal affiliations. The article by Chris Vogel (2011), points out several incidents with Chosen Few members that had negitive run-ins with the law. The article states that agents used confidential informants to buy drugs and guns from members, a member was arrested with more than a kilo of coke, police discovered that a DMV worker was making fake identifications for club members to use i n order to buy guns, and a member was arrested with a gallon of PCP – which led federal agents to Detroit, where another six gallons of PCP were seized. (Feds Catch Chosen Few Motorcycle Club Members Selling Guns & PCP, 2011) According to the characteristics of organized crime with Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMG’s) the Chosen Few, fits the criteria. Characteristics Associated with Organized Criminal Behavior There are certain characteristics of organized criminal behaviors that range from commitment to eminent structure. Commitment is an oath and allegiance to what these clubs, good or bad stand for. It is needed to protect and serve the honor of the organization and all its secrets. Along with this it comes with a sense of power, pride, and protection. Survival is a trait that many organized crime member’s exhibit. It is sometimes used to partake in illegal activities to sustain the worldly goods that obtained. For OMG’s, it may consist of the clubhouse, due paying members, and motorcycles. Punishment is a characteristic that is prevalent in discouraging members from disloyalty, disobedience, or dishonor. These punishments can be in the form of death, beat downs, or in the case of OMG’s fines or snatching of colors. Structure is the final characteristic that needed for an organize crime group to be successful. Like a business is run with a CEO, CFO, and other people in place to ensure order, organized crime groups are ran alike. With a chief officer in place and other members in position to handle different aspects of business to make sure there is no breakdown in with members. In conclusion, organize crime has unique characteristics that has been in place for centuries, and although law enforcement has been investigating the structures of this organizations, it is too many to stop. They are intricate organizations with different reasons as to why they chose to break the law. This is why there is no clear cut definition of organize crime. Mallory, S. (2007). Understanding Organized Crime. Retrieved from University of Phoenix. Vogel, C. (2011). Feds Catch Chosen Few Motorcycle Club Members Selling Guns & PCP. Retrieved from http://blogs.laweekly.com/informer/2011/07/black_biker_gang_chosen_few.php

Sources of Energy essays

Sources of Energy essays Have you ever thought about how we get the energy to run the things we take for granite every single day. There are many sources of energy that that are used for transportation, heat, light, and the manufacturing of goods of all kinds. The development of science and civilization is closely linked to the availability of energy in useful forms. The seven main energy sources are fossil fuels, hydroelectric, solar power, win power, geothermal, nuclear power, and biomass energy. By harnessing the sun, wind, falling water, plant matter, and heat from the earth, energy planners expect to decrease the environmental impact on energy use. Most of the nonhydro renewable power comes through some form of combustion, such as the burning of biomass, landfill gas, or municipal solid waste. Little electricity comes from solar, wind, and geothermal sources. Factors that are increasing interest in renewable energy include cost advantages in niche markets, regulatory pressures, customer service r equirements, fuel flexibility, and security. One of the biggest source of energy is fossil fuels. Fossil fuels have served as a reliable source of heat for cooking and warmth since the beginning of history. The common fossil fuels are coal, peat, lignite, petroleum, and natural gas. Coal gas, coke, water gas, and producer gas can be made by using coal as the principal ingredient. These such artificial gases can be used for fuel, illuminant, and a source material for the manufacturing of synthetic ammonia. Gasoline, kerosene, and fuel oil are made from petroleum. They are mainly used for transportation if the fuel is used in a liquid form. Natural gas is a natural mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons found from the ground or obtained from specially driven wells. The composition of natural gas varies in different localities. It is used extensively as an illuminant and a fuel. Some geologists theorize that natural gas is a by-product of decaying ve...

Your Ideal Reader

Your Ideal Reader Your Ideal Reader Your Ideal Reader By Ali Hale If you’re reading Daily Writing Tips, you’re probably a writer of some description. And being a writer means, in the vast majority of cases, that you have – or at least want to have – readers. So, have you thought about your Ideal Reader? What is an Ideal Reader? Your ideal reader is a construct designed to represent your audience. If you’re writing a blog about frugality and budgeting, your ideal reader might be a single mom in her thirties. Alternatively, your ideal reader could be a high school graduate heading off to college. For a short story writer, an ideal reader might be a woman working in a shop, flicking through short stories in her breaks or during quiet times of the day. Alternatively, a short story writer might envisage a very different ideal reader – perhaps an elderly male professor poring over the story in a hushed library, extracting every nuance. Why do I want an Ideal Reader? You might wonder what the point of creating an â€Å"ideal reader† is. Perhaps you think your audience is too diverse, and that there’s no way you could come up with one imaginary character to represent them. But having an ideal reader is well worth the effort, in terms of boosting your writing productivity: â€Å"Consider how much more quickly words flow when you’re writing an email to a friend versus creating a formal business presentation. When you have a specific recipient in mind, you have a much easier time communicating your ideas.† from Why Create An Ideal Reader? Do you ever find yourself struggling to get started an article, blog post, story or poem? Do you worry that the topic will bore your readers, or that your literary allusions will go over their heads? Having an ideal reader in mind makes it much easier to pitch your writing at the right level. Even if you don’t have an audience yet, you’ll still want to think about your ideal reader. When I was planning my new blog, Alpha Student, I put a good bit of thought into my ideal reader: a keen, intelligent, slightly shy, university student who isn’t really into the wilder aspects of student life. This really helped when focusing the blog and deciding on the tone of the articles (I’ve not written about drunken nights or peppered my advice with swear words, for instance!) Who is My Ideal Reader? If you’re writing for a specific publication, you’re in luck. Many magazines publish profiles for prospective advertisers, detailing the demographics of the magazine’s readership. Here in the UK, I find the IPC Media website very helpful for finding these details. For example, for Horse magazine, I’m told that the â€Å"target readers† are horse enthusiast women aged 20-40 from the ABC1 (middle/upper class) categories. This would be a good starting point for creating an ideal reader. â€Å"At a minimum I keep in mind the age and gender of the reader. For example, I sometimes do news articles for a small, local weekly newspaper. Since I live in the neighborhood, I know that we’re an incredibly diverse area, but that the readership of the paper tends to be older women. So that’s who I write for, keeping in mind the others, and occasionally working in some ethnic bits.† from Write for Your Ideal Reader If you’re writing fiction for a particular magazine, look at the advertisements, the editorial, and the letters from readers. This can give you a lot of clues about the gender, age, interests and social class of the ideal reader for that market. Even copywriters and marketers can create an ideal reader – often called an â€Å"ideal customer†. I took Sonia Simone’s excellent Content Class by email (it’s free), and her first lesson is â€Å"Write for One Customer†. She says: If your ideal customer is a little formal, write to her like youd send an email to your Great Aunt Susie. If hes casual, write like youd write to an old college buddy. (Its probably smart to keep it rated-G, though.) Over to You If you have a blog, novel, short story collection, article or any other writing project underway, stop and ask yourself – who am I writing for? Who’s my ideal reader? You can get as detailed about this as you like: try to make it a fun exercise. Give your ideal reader a name, a personality, interests, worries, a birthday. Then, every time you write, write for that one person. Why not tell us about your ideal reader in the comments? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Types of LanguageEmail EtiquetteWords Often Misspelled Because of Double Letters

Computer info Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Computer info - Essay Example The Boot Record is at the very beginning of a FAT volume. The first few sectors of the volume, before the FAT, are the Reserved Sectors or the reserved area. This area in the Boot Record inform us how large the disk is and contains not only the boot sector but also a backup copy of the boot record. The Boot Record contains a field retaining the information of the sector size for a particular media and the BIOS Parameter Block. The Bios Parameter Block or BPB contains vital information such as the number of bytes per sector on the disk, sectors per cluster, size of the reserved sectors, the number of FATs, root entries, media type, the number of sectors per FAT, the sectors per track, and the number of heads per cylinder. This information is use by the operating system to properly identify the disk and accurately read and write data into it. The Data Area of the disk is divided into clusters, files and directories store their data in these clusters. The Root Directory comes immediately after the file allocation table and is formatted like any another directory on the disk. A partition is divided up into equal size clusters, minute blocks of bordering space. Cluster sizes differ on the type of FAT and the size of partition.

Administrative Law Judicial Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Administrative Law Judicial Review - Essay Example Yardley asserts that judicial review is â€Å"the ultimate safeguard for the ordinary citizen against unlawful action by †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.the more powerful administration5†. In order to be amenable to judicial review, the relevant organisation must be a â€Å"public body6† and it is evident that the Council is a public body under the â€Å"source test7† under the first limb of eligibility. Moreover, the Council’s functions clearly fall within the second limb of eligibility is the â€Å"functions test†, which was established in the case of R v Panel of Takeovers and Mergers, ex parte Datafin8. In this case it was asserted that the relevant consideration was whether the body performed a public function, or alternatively whether its conduct had public law consequences. If these considerations were answered in the affirmative, the body would be a public body9. To institute proceedings for judicial review, Greener World will have to make an application for leave of the court before applying for judicial review and then issue their claim under the Civil Procedure Rules, part 5410. Any claim for judicial review must then have permission of leave of the Administrative Court11. Furthermore, in order to be eligible to make an application, Greener World must have locus standi, which in simple terms is the right to apply for judicial review. This requirement is essential as a filter for the judicial review process, limiting applicants to those who have a â€Å"sufficient interest†. Section 31(3) of the Supreme Court Act 1981 provides that permission for judicial review will not be granted â€Å"unless it considers the applicant has a sufficient interest in the manner to which the application relates12.† The definition of â€Å"sufficient interest† has been interpreted widely13 and was considered in depth in the case of R v Inland Revenue Commissioners, ex parte National Federation of Self-Employed and Small Businesses Ltd14. In this case, the House of Lords asserted that other than

Child abuse Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Child abuse - Assignment Example Children abused by family members who should be protecting them often lose trust for adults. Additionally, cultural values may restrict members from talking about sexual activities, making it more difficult for the child. The abused child may blame themselves for the abuse and as such may take long to talk to anyone about it. As a result, the abuse may go on for weeks, even months, before anyone knows about the atrocity. Abuse affects the child’s emotional, psychological, social and physical aspects of life which includes increased risk for depression, poor or lack of self esteem and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Avoidance of grilling the child for every detail or asking many questions, as this may overwhelm them. Instead, they should gently ask open-ended questions; at the same time reassuring the child that their secret is safe. The child should be taken to a pediatric hospital for check up of possible damage to the sexual organs. Furthermore, an experienced mental health professional should be contacted to help the child cope with trauma Teaching the child basic sexual education is important. Alternatively, a health professional could be engaged where the child learns accurate names given to private parts and how to take care of them so as to minimize reliance on older children or adults for help. Sexual advances from anybody should be discouraged, as well as inappropriate touching. Encouraging them to can make decisions concerning their bodies, for instance saying â€Å"no† when they do not want to be touched is important. Communication is an important part of developing trust with the child. Encouraging the child to ask questions when in doubt about sexual advances makes the child feel protected and is more likely to report any abuse. Child sex abuse occurs within family settings with a majority of the abused children being unable to report the atrocity, probably due to the trust they had on the perpetrator. Child sex abuse

United States Declaration of Independence and Paine Essay Example for Free

United States Declaration of Independence and Paine Essay What is an allusion? What is parallelism, or parallel structure? â€Å"from The Autobiography: The Declaration of Independence.† Jefferson states that the king has established tyranny over the Colonies. How does Jefferson back up this statement? Why was the passage condemning Britain’s involvement in the African slave trade was struck out of the original Declaration of Independence? Why did Jefferson believe it is important to show how the original version of the Declaration of Independence was amended? In the opening paragraphs, whom does Thomas Jefferson refer to as â€Å"pusillanimous†? In the Declaration of Independence, the words â€Å"governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes† and their supporting passages suggest what? According to the way Jefferson has edited this draft of the Declaration of Independence, the phrase â€Å"with a firm reliance on the protection of divine providence† in the second to last paragraph was†¦. . ? What authority does the United States of America in General Congress cite in its Declaration of Independence? â€Å"from The Autobiography†, â€Å"from Poor Richards Almanack.† Why does Franklin arrives in Philadelphia in his working dress? In this selection from his autobiography, what does Franklin seems most eager to portray? How does Franklin ranks the virtues (according to what?)? What probable reason does Franklin suggest for his giving the boatmen his only shilling, even though Franklin did the rowing? Why does Franklin place the attainment of virtues in a numerical order? â€Å"from The Crisis, No. 1.† Paine argues that the best way to defeat the British is for what to happen/be done? Paine suggests that a state that surrenders its arms to the British would have to do what? By comparing the British king to a thief and a housebreaker, Paine suggests what about the British? In his conclusion, how does Paine intend to inspire readers? Which anecdote does Paine use in the selection? When Paine says, â€Å"though the flame of liberty may sometimes cease to shine, the coal can never expire,† he is using analogy to suggest what? Whom does Paine label a â€Å"sottish, stupid, stubborn, worthless, brutish man†? What kind of war does Paine describe as â€Å"murder†? When Paine begins his speech with the phrase â€Å"These are the times that try men’s souls,† he is suggesting what about the colonists? â€Å"Speech to the Virginia Convention.† Henry points out a contradiction between British claims and presence, such as? Henry recounts several instances in which the colonists sought agreement and acceptable terms with the British. He reviews these incidents in order to persuade the delegates of what? Henry states that the colonists have the advantage over the British because the colonists have what? Why does Henry advocates immediate action by the colonists? What is the main purpose of Patrick Henry’s speech? Why does Henry seeks to dissuade the delegates from resorting to argument? To whom is Henry addressing when he uses the word â€Å"sir†? When Henry uses the words â€Å"chains and slavery† near the end of his speech, What is he referring to?

The Growth of American Government from the End of Reconstruction and th

In the past, the nation’s government took the â€Å"laissez-faire† approach to dealing with the economy and/or free market affairs. The government intervened as little as possible, asserting the belief felt that if left alone, economic problems would be resolved without government interference. However, this approach was not guaranteed, and at times, the government had to put aside the â€Å"laissez-faire† approach of the past. The government had no other choice but to intervene in these instances to return balance to the economy and protect its citizens it served. The government changed both its approach and its size through programs initiated by the Industrial Revolution, New Deal programs during and following the Great Depression, and World War II, forever changing the relationship between Americans and their Government. During the Industrial Revolution with the massive railroad production across the country, the railroad executives were clever, strong-minded, mostly dishonest men who bribed congressmen, and conducted crooked financial deals who became known as â€Å"robber barons†. 1 As railroads expanded transportation across the country, it opened up a vast market for competition and over production of farm products. The railroad executives took advantage of the fact that the railroad was the only transportation that some farmers had to ship their products. Since the railroads had formed monopolies, they were free to charge whatever rates they saw fit and took full advantage of this by price discrimination. They offered discounts and rebates to big corporations with large loads which the individual farmer did not have. Nor did farmers have the political influence to fight the railroads on these matters.2 Therefore, in 1877, t... ... 11. American A Narrative History 8th Edition, George Brown Tindall and David Emory Shir, W. W. Norton & Company Ltd., New York 2010 book pg 1086-87 12. HI 1073 United States History 1877-Present Discussion Manual Spring 2011 CH 5 – The Interwar Years, 58. Social Security Act (1935). 13. American A Narrative History 8th Edition, George Brown Tindall and David Emory Shir, W. W. Norton & Company Ltd., New York 2010 book Page 1197 14. HI 1073 United States History 1877-Present Discussion Manual Spring 2011 CH 6 – World War II, 70. The GI Bill of Rights (1944). 15. American A Narrative History 8th Edition, George Brown Tindall and David Emory Shir, W. W. Norton & Company Ltd., New York 2010 pg 1209 16. American A Narrative History 8th Edition, George Brown Tindall and David Emory Shir, W. W. Norton & Company Ltd., New York 2010 page 1218